Editing Epistemic actions (section)

==Evidence==
Kirsh and Maglio studied players playing the interactive video game of Tetris where they in order to better understand and differentiate between actions that complete a task with ''pragmatic actions'' “bring the agent closer to his or her physical goals,”<ref>Kirsh, D., & Maglio, P. (1994). On distinguishing epistemic from pragmatic action. Cognitive Science, 18, 513-549.</ref> and epistemic actions that leveraged the environment to off-load cognitive processing. What they found was that as the Tetris shapes came down, in order to problem-solve if the shape is going to fit the already established blocks that have fallen, the advanced players rotated and translated the Tetris shapes physically rather than mentally more times than the less advanced players to decide which of the shapes would best fit and how would the blocks would best fit (Pouw, van Gog, and Paas, 2014)<ref>Pouw, W. T. J. L., van Gog, T., & Paas, F. (2014). An Embedded and Embodied Cognition Review of Instructional Manipulatives. Educational Psychology Review, 26(1), 51–72.</ref>. So rather than mentally solving what kind of shape fits at the bottom of the screen along with the already fallen block in their minds, the players let the physical rotation and translation of the shape aid their problem-solving. 

Wilson cites another example of epistemic actions from a 1997 study that recorded eye movements of participants who were asked to rearrange and reproduce colored blocks on a computer using randomly scattered blocks and dragging them into a designated area to arrange them all while under time constraints. The study showed that the participants’ eye movements referred back to the model colored blocks during strategic moments such as the color of the block and its placement in the order (2002)<ref>Wilson, M. (2002). Six views of embodied cognition. Psychosomatic Bulletin & Review, 9(4), pp. 625-636. </ref>. So instead of remembering the entire color pattern and order of the blocks, they used the model pattern and referred to it as needed.