Editing Maslow’s hierarchy of needs (section)

=='''Challenges and Further Consideration'''==
<p>Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs has had a significant impact on management and marketing outside of academia, maybe because it describes what the majority of people see in themselves and in others right away<ref name="Abulof">Abulof, U. (2017). Introduction: Why We Need Maslow in the Twenty-First Century. Society, 54(6), 508–509. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12115-017-0198-6</ref>. Maslow's theories are still debatable in academic circles, and his methodology is their most significant flaw.  Maslow's sample of the research was mainly limited to biographies of highly educated white males such as Thomas Jefferson, Abraham Lincoln, Albert Einstein, and Beethoven Because of his preference for self-actualized people in his sample, this method of the biographical study is more biased. Maslow, on the other hand, only examines groups of women who make up a small part of the sample, and cases where there is little disability or ill health <ref name="Motivation">Maslow, A (1954). Motivation and personality. New York, NY: Harper. ISBN 978-0-06-041987-5.</ref>. His theory, therefore, lacks overall validity in its extension to women and individuals from lower social classes or different races.<p>
<p>In general, Maslow's theory is skewed toward a humanistic psychology theory that is not founded on experimentation and is mostly subjective. So, while further research appears to corroborate the existence of universal human needs and the relationship between how individuals seek and satisfy needs, the application of Maslow's concepts to particular circumstances or to various Eastern cultures remains extremely disputed <ref name="TayandDiener"/>.For example, in certain societies where a huge percentage of people live in poverty (e.g., Africa), there are definitely people who can satisfy higher wants such as love and belonging. However, according to Maslow's hierarchy of requirements, individuals should be unable to meet higher development demands since they struggle to meet extremely fundamental physical needs<ref name="SimplyPsychology"/>. So, there is a need to investigate various distinct cultures in order to further validate the theory beyond its generality, as well as to consider the possibilities of motivating specific cases in the framework of applying Maslow’s hierarchy of needs.<p>