Editing Cognitive dissonance theory (section)

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[[File:Cognitive dissonance example of smoke.png|thumb|right|Cognitive dissonance example of smoke<ref name="McLeod">McLeod, S. (1970, January 1). [cognitive dissonance]. Study Guides for Psychology Students - Simply Psychology. Retrieved December 13, 2022, from https://www.simplypsychology.org/cognitive-dissonance.html
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The most commonly appeared example of cognitive dissonance is the smoking case. A person in a state of cognitive dissonance is someone who smokes (behavior) and knows that smoking causes cancer (cognition). Like the concept map shown on the right, the behavior of smoking cigarettes and the belief that smoking is unhealthy makes cognitive dissonance happen. Whether to change the action due to the belief or change the belief to rationalize the action would solve the dissonance. 

Back to the case of  Leon Festinger that he and his two colleagues put themselves into the cult observation mentioned above, after the series of “phony end of world disasters” that the apocalyptic cult leader, Dorothy Martin, Festinger ad his colleagues hypothesized two options for these members‎: either let go the belief and actions they used to make or embrace the new belief that Martin used to explain why the flood is not coming<ref name="Sprout">Sprout. (2022, October 20). Cognitive dissonance: Our battle with conflicting beliefs. YouTube. Retrieved December 13, 2022, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GxAu7BTZQRY
</ref>. He was particularly interested in what happened to the cult members, particularly those who had given up their jobs and homes to work for the cult after the flood did not occur. Despite the fact that the cult is moving to a new belief system, these cult members put more effort into sticking to the cult's beliefs than fringe members. Those committed members were more likely to re-interpret the evidence so they could demonstrate their correctness: the earth did not get destroyed because the cult members were faithful. The fringe members were more likely to admit they had made mistakes and put it down to experience, since they lost less, at least do not sell their house or quit their jobs. See also:[[File:The_cult_observation_of_Festinger .png|thumb|340px|left|The cult observation of Festinger<ref name="Sprout">Sprout. (2022, October 20). Cognitive dissonance: Our battle with conflicting beliefs. YouTube. Retrieved December 13, 2022, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GxAu7BTZQRY
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Another classic cognitive dissonance case is “The Fox and the Grapes” from Aesop's fable the fox insists to say the grape is sour because he cannot reach it.[[File:Fox and Grape.png||thumb|140px|right|Fox and Grape<ref name="Cognitive Dissonance in Psychology: Theory, Examples & Definition">Cognitive Dissonance in Psychology: Theory, Examples & Definition. (2015, June 5). Retrieved from https://study.com/academy/lesson/cognitive-dissonance-in-psychology-theory-examples-definition.html.
</ref>]] During this process, cognitive dissonance occurs in fox as he changes his belief to make his belief and behavior mutually consistent and harmonious.